Kommandiittiyhtiö

A kommandiittiyhtiö (limited partnership, Ky) has at least one general partner (vastuunalainen yhtiömies) and at least one silent partner (äänetön yhtiömies). The general partner is liable for the debts with all of their own assets. The silent partner is liable only up to the amount they have agreed to invest, unless they have given a separate guarantee.

The founding process is the same channel as for an Avoin yhtiö: a written partnership agreement, then an electronic trade-register notification within three months. If the deadline is missed, founding lapses. A general partner signs the notification. From 1 January 2026 paper filing is not available.

YEL applies to the general partner who works in the firm. A silent partner is not covered by YEL only because of the investment. Bookkeeping is double-entry. Tax treatment of Ky profit is explained on Vero.fi.

Practical advice

State the silent partner’s contribution clearly in the agreement.

Do not assume the silent partner can run the firm day to day without changing their role and liability.

Confirm the current PRH fee on the founding page before you pay.

Where to seek advice

The best place to start is PRH (founding a general or limited partnership): https://www.prh.fi/fi/yrityksetjayhteisot/yrityksenperustaminen/avoimen-yhtion-tai-kommandiittiyhtion-perustamisilmoitus.html

Official deadline, signature rules and fee. For choosing between Ky, Ay and Oy, use Uusyrityskeskus: https://uusyrityskeskus.fi/yrityksen-perustajalle/palvelumme-alkavalle-yrittajalle/

All the necessary links

prh.fi — Ay and Ky founding.
ytj.fi — Electronic notification.
vero.fi — Tax of limited partnerships.
tyoelake.fi — YEL for the general partner.